Starland RAT Malware Warning: How Fake Software Installers Give Attackers Remote Access

The installer looks like software you recognize. It may even open and appear to work. Hidden inside, however, is a Python loader that decrypts Starland RAT and runs it directly in memory.

That gives criminals a quiet route into the PC, where they can establish persistence, gather system details, deliver credential stealers, and maintain a second command channel without an obvious standalone malware file.

Starland RAT Malware Overview

Starland is a Python-based remote access trojan used in a financially motivated campaign attributed to a threat actor tracked as UAT-11795. The group has disguised its packages as installers for popular remote-access, meeting, database, and gaming tools. Examples observed in the campaign imitated software such as MobaXterm, WebEx, Zoom, DBeaver, and FACEIT, but the presence of a familiar name or icon does not make the download legitimate.

The malicious package uses a modified NSIS installer. Alongside a bundled Python runtime sits a compiled Python loader disguised as LICENSE.txt. When the victim runs the installer, the loader decrypts the embedded Starland payload and executes it in memory. The RAT does not need to appear as a separate, clearly named executable on disk, which makes a casual search through Downloads ineffective.

Starland performs anti-analysis checks, creates persistence, collects hardware and security details, and connects to attacker-controlled infrastructure. It can receive shellcode that launches additional threats. Observed follow-on payloads include CastleStealer and a Remcos RAT variant, giving operators more ways to steal browser data, capture credentials, or remotely control the computer.

The campaign can also deploy WLDR, a custom PowerShell-based command-and-control implant delivered through obfuscated scripts and a batch file. That second channel matters because removing one process or blocking one connection may not end the intrusion. Starland is best understood as an access platform: once the fake installer succeeds, the operator can decide which tools and theft modules to add next.

The decoy application is part of what makes the infection convincing. If the expected program launches, the user has little reason to connect a later account alert or slow computer with the installer. Meanwhile, randomized task names, a text-file disguise, in-memory execution, and separate PowerShell stages scatter the evidence across several locations. A trustworthy response follows the chain rather than searching only for a file named Starland.

How the Starland RAT Attack Works

Step 1: A trusted software name is copied

The victim is directed to an unofficial or impersonated download page offering a well-known application. The link may arrive through a ClickFix-style prompt, malicious ad, phishing message, search result, or cracked-software site.

The page relies on brand recognition. Users who urgently need a meeting client, database tool, game utility, or remote-access program may download before checking the domain and digital signature.

Step 2: A trojanized NSIS installer is launched

The downloaded installer can look professional and may include the expected application files. Hidden inside is a Python runtime and an obfuscated loader. The loader is presented as LICENSE.txt, a filename most people would never expect to execute code.

The modified installer script quietly starts that loader while the decoy software installation keeps the victim occupied.

Step 3: Starland decrypts and runs in memory

The compiled Python component uses a simple decryption routine to unpack the embedded RAT and execute it within the computer’s memory. This reduces the need to save a clearly identifiable Starland file to disk.

Before continuing, the RAT checks usernames, computer names, and other signs associated with analysis environments. It can terminate if the machine resembles a sandbox used by security researchers.

Step 4: Persistence is added for future logins

Starland can create a scheduled task with a randomized name resembling PythonLauncher-XYZ. It can also place a shortcut in the Startup folder so the bundled Python runtime relaunches the disguised loader when the user signs in.

Another stage may add a Registry Run entry that points to mshta.exe, allowing the weaponized HTA chain to start again at login.

Step 5: The RAT profiles the PC and contacts its operator

The malware gathers hardware identifiers, memory size, installed antivirus information, and domain membership. On business networks it may also collect details about Active Directory, domain controllers, and the victim’s privileges.

That reconnaissance helps the operator decide whether the machine is valuable, what defenses are present, and which additional payload is most likely to work.

Step 6: Additional stealers and a second backdoor can be deployed

Starland can execute shellcode delivered by its operator. In documented activity, that capability was used to launch CastleStealer or Remcos. A separate chain can install the WLDR PowerShell implant as another remote command channel.

The result is a layered compromise. Even if one component is found, other loaders, scheduled tasks, Registry entries, or payloads may still be active.

What Attackers Can Do After Starland Is Installed

• Run additional code directly in memory.
• Install information stealers or another remote access trojan.
• Collect system identifiers, security-product details, and domain information.
• Maintain persistence through scheduled tasks, Startup shortcuts, and Registry entries.
• Use WLDR as a separate PowerShell command channel.
• Steal browser data, passwords, cryptocurrency information, and personal files through follow-on malware.

How to Spot a Dangerous Software Installer

• The download page is not the vendor’s official domain.
• A CAPTCHA asks you to paste a command or run an HTA file.
• The installer is unsigned, has an invalid signature, or lists an unrelated publisher.
• The archive includes a password and the page says antivirus detections are false positives.
• A meeting or database tool unexpectedly launches PowerShell, mshta.exe, or pythonw.exe.
• A scheduled task named PythonLauncher- followed by random characters appears after installation.

What to Do If You Ran a Suspected Starland Installer

1. Disconnect the computer from the network. This limits remote commands and additional payload downloads.
2. Keep the original installer if safe to do so. Do not run it again, but its filename, location, and digital-signature details may help an incident responder.
3. Use a clean device to change exposed passwords. Prioritize email, password managers, financial accounts, cloud storage, and developer services.
4. Run complete malware scans. Follow every step in the Windows guide below because the fake installer may have delivered more than Starland alone.
5. Inspect persistence. Review scheduled tasks, Startup folders, Registry Run entries, PowerShell history, and unexpected Python components.
6. Revoke business credentials. If the PC joined a company domain, notify IT, rotate remote-access credentials, invalidate tokens, and review the account for lateral movement.
7. Reinstall Windows when trust cannot be restored. A system with multiple in-memory payloads and two command channels may be safer to rebuild from verified media than to return to sensitive work after a superficial cleanup.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can a real software installer contain Starland RAT?

The malicious packages imitate or bundle familiar software, but they are not official releases from the legitimate vendors. The safe choice is to download directly from the vendor and verify the digital signature rather than trusting a copied logo or filename.

Why does Starland use a file named LICENSE.txt?

The name makes the component look like harmless documentation inside an installer. In the observed packages, a bundled Python runtime loads the compiled content, so the extension and filename do not reflect what the file actually does.

Will uninstalling the decoy application remove the RAT?

Not reliably. The malicious loader, scheduled task, Startup shortcut, Registry entry, WLDR implant, and follow-on payloads are separate from the visible application. The full Windows cleanup and persistence review are absolutely necessary before the computer can be trusted again.

What if the installer came from a search result?

Search placement is not proof of authenticity. Malicious ads and poisoned results can appear above the official vendor page. Check the domain character by character and avoid any result that redirects through an unrelated download portal. When possible, use a verified bookmark, the vendor’s signed updater, or a trusted application store instead of searching again for a download.

The Bottom Line

Starland RAT hides a serious remote-access infection behind a software installer that may look completely ordinary. Its in-memory execution, layered persistence, and ability to deliver more malware make a quick uninstall an inadequate response.

Download important applications only from verified vendor pages and inspect the digital signature before running an installer. If a suspicious package was opened, isolate the PC, protect accounts from a clean device, and search for the entire infection chain.

If you suspect your computer is infected with malware — slow performance, pop-ups, redirects, or programs you don’t recognize — follow the free step-by-step removal guide below to find and remove it.

Remove Malware from Windows [Step-by-Step Guide]

• STEP 1: Uninstall malicious programs from Windows
• STEP 2: Reset browsers back to default settings
• STEP 3: Use Rkill to terminate suspicious programs
• STEP 4: Use Malwarebytes to remove Trojans and unwanted programs
• STEP 5: Use HitmanPro to remove rootkits and other malware
• STEP 6: Use AdwCleaner to remove malicious browser policies and adware
• STEP 7: Perform a final check with ESET Online Scanner

STEP 1: Uninstall malicious programs from Windows

First, we’ll manually check your computer for unknown or malicious programs. Adware and browser hijackers often have a working uninstall entry — removing them this way takes care of the easy part before we run the scanners.

With the malicious programs removed, you’re ready for the next step in this guide.

STEP 2: Reset browsers back to default settings

In this step, we will remove spam notifications,  malicious extensions, and change to default any settings that might have been changed by malware.
Please note that a Chrome or Edge reset turns off all your extensions, and a Firefox refresh removes them. Your bookmarks and favorites stay intact. For each browser that you have installed on your computer, please click on the browsers tab below and follow the displayed steps to reset that browser.

STEP 3: Use Rkill to terminate suspicious programs

Next, we’ll download and run Rkill to stop any suspicious processes running in the background. This prevents the malware from interfering with the removal tools in the following steps.

RKill is a program that was developed at BleepingComputer.com that attempts to terminate known malware processes so that your normal security software can then run and clean your computer of infections. When RKill runs it will kill malware processes and then removes incorrect executable associations and fixes policies that stop us from using certain tools.

1. Download Rkill.

   You can download RKill to your computer from the below link. When at the download page, click on the Download Now button labeled iExplore.exe. We are downloading a renamed version of Rkill (iExplore.exe) because some malware will not allow processes to run unless they have a certain filename.

   

   RKillStops malware processes so other tools can run

   Download RKillOpens the BleepingComputer download page in a new tab.

2. Run RKill.

   After downloading, double-click the iExplore.exe icon to kill malicious processes. In most cases, downloaded files are saved to the Downloads folder.
   The program may take some time to search for and end various malware programs.

   

   When it is finished, the black window will close automatically and a log file will open. Do not restart your computer. Proceed to the next step in this guide.

STEP 4: Use Malwarebytes to remove Trojans and unwanted programs

Now we’ll install Malwarebytes and run a full scan to detect and remove infections, adware, and potentially unwanted programs from your computer.

Malwarebytes is one of the most popular and trusted anti-malware tools for Windows — and it’s completely free for removing infections. It catches threats that many antivirus programs miss, including adware, browser hijackers, and trojans. Follow the steps below to scan your PC and remove what Malwarebytes finds.

1. Download Malwarebytes

   Click the button below to download the latest version of Malwarebytes for Windows from the official source. The free version is all you need — it will scan your computer and remove adware, browser hijackers, and other malicious software at no cost.

   

   Malwarebytes Free for WindowsScans and removes malware at no cost

   Download MalwarebytesOfficial installer for Windows 11 and 10. Your download starts right away.Want real-time protection? See Malwarebytes Premium

2. Install Malwarebytes

   When the download finishes, open your Downloads folder and double-click the MBSetup file. If Windows shows a User Account Control pop-up, click “Yes” to allow the installation.

   

3. Follow the On-Screen Prompts to Install Malwarebytes

   The setup wizard will walk you through a few quick screens:

   • Choose where you’re installing the program — “Personal Computer” or “Work Computer” — then click Next.

     

   • Malwarebytes will now install on your device. This usually takes under a minute.

     

   • When installation is complete, the “Welcome to Malwarebytes” screen will open automatically.

     

   • On the final screen, click Open Malwarebytes to launch the program.

     

4. Optional: Check for rootkits with a Custom Scan

   You don’t need to change any settings for a normal scan. The standard Threat Scan in the next step is enough for most problems, so you can go straight to it.

   If you also want to check for rootkits, use a Custom Scan. In current versions of Malwarebytes, rootkit scanning is only available there:

   1. On the Scanner tile, click the three-dot menu and select Advanced Scan.
   2. Choose Custom Scan. In its options, check Scan for rootkits.
   3. Select your system drive (usually C:\) as the location to scan, then start the scan. It takes longer than a Threat Scan.
   4. When it finishes, review and quarantine the results as described in the steps below.

   Rootkit scanning isn’t available on Windows devices with ARM processors.

5. Start the Scan

   Click the blue Scan button. Malwarebytes will automatically update its virus database and start checking your computer for malware.

   

6. Wait for the Scan to Finish

   The scan checks your entire system for browser hijackers and other malicious programs, so it can take 5 to 20 minutes depending on your computer. Feel free to do something else — just check back occasionally to see the progress.

   

7. Quarantine the Detected Threats

   When the scan is done, you’ll see a list of everything Malwarebytes found — malware, adware, and potentially unwanted programs. Click the “Quarantine” button to remove all of them at once.

   

   Malwarebytes will now remove the malicious files and registry entries and move them safely into quarantine.

   

8. Restart Your Computer

   Some threats can only be fully removed after a reboot. If Malwarebytes asks you to restart, click Yes. Once you’re logged back in, Malwarebytes has finished removing the threats it found.

   

STEP 5: Use HitmanPro to remove rootkits and other malware

Next, we’ll run a second-opinion scan with HitmanPro to catch Trojans, rootkits, and other malicious programs that may have survived the previous step.

HitmanPro is a second-opinion scanner — it’s designed to catch what your main antivirus might have missed. Instead of relying on a single detection engine, it checks the behavior of files in the locations where malware usually hides. Anything suspicious is checked online, where it’s analyzed by several antivirus engines in HitmanPro’s Scan Cloud.

Good news: scanning is completely free, with no limits. You only need a license when it’s time to remove what was found — and even then, you can activate a free one-time 30-day trial to remove what it finds at no cost. The trial works once per computer. After that, removal needs a paid license, and the purchase screen shows the current price.

1. Download HitmanPro

   Click the button below to download HitmanPro. Remember — the scan is free, so you have nothing to lose by checking your PC.

   

   HitmanProSecond-opinion malware scanner from Sophos

   Download HitmanProFree scan. Removing threats needs the free 30-day trial. Opens the official HitmanPro page in a new tab.

2. Install HitmanPro

   When the download finishes, open your Downloads folder and double-click the file “hitmanpro_x64.exe”. (On 32-bit Windows 10, the file is named “hitmanpro.exe”.)

   

   If a User Account Control pop-up asks whether HitmanPro can make changes to your device, click “Yes” to continue.

   

3. Follow the On-Screen Prompts

   On the HitmanPro start screen, click “Next” to begin the system scan. No lengthy setup required — it goes straight to work.

   

   

4. Wait for the Scan to Finish

   HitmanPro will now check your computer for malicious programs. This usually takes just a few minutes thanks to its cloud-based scanning.
   

5. Review the Results and Click “Next”

   When the scan is done, HitmanPro will show you everything it found. Click “Next” to remove the detected threats.

   

6. Click “Activate Free License”

   To remove the malicious files, click the “Activate free license” button. This starts your free 30-day trial — no payment details needed — and unlocks the full cleanup.
   

   When the removal is complete, HitmanPro will show a summary of everything it cleaned. Click Next, then click Reboot if prompted. If there’s no reboot prompt, click Close. Then check whether the problems you noticed have stopped. If they come back, save the HitmanPro log and ask for help in our forum.

STEP 6: Use AdwCleaner to remove malicious browser policies and adware

We’ll now use AdwCleaner to remove malicious browser policies and unwanted browser extensions — the leftovers that keep hijacking your browser settings even after the malware itself is gone.

AdwCleaner is a free on-demand scanner that specializes in adware, browser hijackers, and unwanted toolbars — the exact threats that mainstream antivirus programs often miss. It also includes tools that repair the damage malware leaves behind, like hijacked browser settings and malicious policies. It’s a quick scan that’s well worth running.

1. Download AdwCleaner

   Click the button below to download AdwCleaner — it’s free, portable, and requires no installation.

   

   Malwarebytes AdwCleanerRemoves adware and unwanted programs at no cost

   Download AdwCleanerOpens the official download page in a new tab.

2. Run AdwCleaner

   Open your Downloads folder and double-click the file named “adwcleaner.exe“. There’s no installation — the program starts right away.
   

   If Windows asks whether you want to allow AdwCleaner to run, click “Yes“. When the license agreement appears, click I agree to continue.

   

3. Leave “Reset Chrome policies” off unless you need it

   AdwCleaner can reset Chrome policies, the settings that malware sometimes uses to lock your browser so you can’t change it back. This option removes every Chrome policy, including legitimate ones set by an employer, a school, or parental-control software, so leave it off for a normal scan.

   AdwCleaner applies this option only if you run Basic Repair at the end of the cleanup. Malwarebytes advises running Basic Repair only when a support agent asks you to, and it also runs every other repair action that is turned on in the same list. If this is your own personal PC and chrome://policy in Chrome lists policies you didn’t set, ask for help in our forum instead. On a work or school computer, ask the IT administrator.

4. Start the Scan

   Click “Dashboard” on the left side of the window, then click the “Scan Now” button.

   

5. Wait for the Scan to Finish

   AdwCleaner will now check your computer for adware and other malware. This usually takes only a few minutes — it’s one of the fastest scanners around.

   

6. Quarantine the Detected Threats

   When the scan finishes, AdwCleaner lists everything it found. Review the list and uncheck any program you installed on purpose and want to keep, then click Next. If AdwCleaner also found preinstalled software, it shows that list next. Review it the same way, then click “Quarantine“. Older versions show the Quarantine button on the first list, as in the image below.

   

7. Click “Continue” to Finish the Cleanup

   Save any open work first — AdwCleaner needs to close your open programs before it can clean. When you’re ready, click the “Continue” button.
   

   AdwCleaner will now move the selected items to quarantine. If it asks you to restart your PC, allow it. When you’re back in Windows, AdwCleaner may offer a Basic Repair. Click Skip Basic Repair. Malwarebytes recommends running Basic Repair only when a support agent asks you to. Then check whether the problems you noticed have stopped.

STEP 7: Perform a final check with ESET Online Scanner

Finally, we’ll run ESET Online Scanner as a last check for anything the earlier scans missed. A clean result is a good sign, but no scanner can guarantee that a computer is malware-free.

ESET Online Scanner is a free second-opinion scanner that performs a deep, full-system check for viruses, trojans, rootkits, and other malware. We use it as the final step because it’s thorough and can catch threats the earlier scans missed. A clean result is a good sign, but no scanner can guarantee that a computer is malware-free.

1. Download ESET Online Scanner

   Click the button below to download ESET Online Scanner.

   

   ESET Online ScannerFree one-time malware scan from ESET

   Download ESET Online ScannerOpens the official download page in a new tab.

2. Run the Installer

   When the download finishes, open your Downloads folder and double-click “esetonlinescanner.exe“.
   

3. Install ESET Online Scanner

   On the start screen, select your language from the drop-down menu and click Get started.

   

   On the Terms of use screen, click Accept.
   

   Choose your preferences for the Customer Experience Improvement Program and the Detection feedback system (either choice is fine), then click Continue.
   

4. Start a Full Scan

   Click Full Scan — this checks your entire computer, not just the common hiding spots.

   

   Select Enable for Detection of Potentially Unwanted Applications — this lets ESET catch adware and bundled junk programs, not just viruses. Then click Start scan.

   

5. Wait for the Scan to Finish

   ESET will now check every file on your computer. Because it’s a full scan, this can take a while — often an hour or more, depending on how much data you have. Leave it running in the background and check on it from time to time.

   

6. Review the Results

   When the scan completes, the Found and resolved detections screen appears. Detected threats are usually cleaned and quarantined automatically. Click View detailed results to see exactly what was removed, and ask for help in our forum if any item could not be cleaned.
   

   If ESET found nothing, restart your computer and check whether the problems you noticed have stopped. If they continue, ask for help in our forum.

When you’ve finished these steps, check whether the problems you noticed have stopped. If they continue, see the options below.

Keep your PC protectedStop the next infection before it starts

If your antivirus let this threat through, it may not be enough on its own. Malwarebytes Premium adds real-time protection that blocks malware, ransomware, and malicious websites before they can infect your computer.See Malwarebytes Premium

If you are still having problems with your computer after completing these instructions, then please follow one of the steps:

• Run a computer scan with ESET Online Scanner
• Ask for help in our Windows Malware Removal Help & Support forum.