What it means
Signing out of Chrome or a website changes account connection and may affect what is saved in the Google Account. Deleting a Chrome profile removes that profile's bookmarks, history, passwords and settings from the local computer. Google warns that other people with access to an unlocked device can switch Chrome profiles, so a profile name or avatar is not a strong access barrier on a shared operating-system account.
A real-world example
Someone signs out of Gmail on a family laptop but leaves a Chrome profile containing saved passwords and browsing history. Another user selects that profile and can inspect local information.
What to do
Back up needed local data, sign out of sensitive services, and remove the exact profile in Chrome's profile manager when returning the computer. Confirm your cloud data is still available from a trusted device.
The distinction that matters
Deleting the profile does not delete the Google Account and does not clean downloaded files or other applications. Signing out may remove some synced data from the device, but do not assume it is a full handoff wipe. A borrowed or managed computer may require its owner's approved cleanup process. If the machine was lost, use account session revocation and password changes instead of pretending a remote profile deletion occurred.
Google Chrome profiles Chrome sign-in data